비판적 사고성향 측정도구의 개발 및 양호도 검증 연구

본 연구의 목적은 비판적 사고의 정의적 측면인 비판적 사고성향의 개념을 정의하고 그 개념의 하위요인을 탐색하여, 비판적 사고성향 측정도구를 개발하고, 개발된 비판적 사고성향 측정도구의 양호도를 검증하는 것이다. 예비검사 결과 수집된 자료에 대해 요인분석을 한 결과, 8요인모형이 다른 모형에 비해 적합도가 좋고 해석가능성이 높으므로 8요인모형을 채택하여 본검사를 구성하였다. 검사의 신뢰도를 나타내는 Cronbach 알파계수는 전체 검사 및 요인 검사에 대하여 높은 편이었으며, 각 문항과 전체 점수와의 상관계수로 측정한 문항변별도 역시 대부분 양호하였다. 또한 이론적으로 비판적 사고성향과 관련성이 높을 것으로 예상되는 비판적 사고력검사와의 상관계수도 그다지 높지는 않지만 유의미한 것으로 나타났고, 동일한 개념 즉 비판적 사고성향을 측정하고 있는 검사 중 그 양호도가 이미 어느 정도 검증된 미국의 캘리포니아 비판적 사고성향검사와의 상관계수도 높은 것으로 나타나 공인타당도도 확인되었다.

The purposes of this study are (1) to clearly define the construct of critical thinking disposition which is an affective aspect of critical thinking, (2) to explore component factors of the construct, (3) to develop a measurement instrument for critical thinking disposition, and (4) to test the goodness of the developed measurement instrument. A pretest was conducted to identify component factors of the construct of critical thinking. The results of factor analyses revealed that the 8-factor model shows the best goodness and is consistent with theoretical models of critical thinking disposition. The eight factors are (1) truth-seeking disposition, (2) shrewdness, (3) motivation to implement complex thinking, (4) pursuit of validation and accuracy, (5) openness of thoughts, (6) fairness and independence of thoughts, (7) intellectual curiosity and tenacity, (8) self-regulation of thoughts.

The Cronbach's alphas, reliability measures for the overall test and the component factors, were high enough to satisfy the requirement for the test as a measurement instrument for critical thinking disposition. Also, the item discrimination indices, which were correlation coefficients between individual items and the overall scores, turned out to be appropriate for most items. Moreover, the correlation between the KICE Critical Thinking Ability Test scores (which are considered to be theoretically related to critical thinking disposition) and the scores of the test developed in the current study was significant. implying that the concurrent validity of the current test was confirmed. Finally, among the critical thinking disposition tests, the United States of America's California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory was used to validate the concurrent validity. The scores of the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory is well established in terms of goodness of the test and the scores of the test in this study were highly correlated with the scores of the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory.