교육과정의 대안으로서 교육소재의 운용 방안 탐구

교육은 인간의 주체적인 활동이다. 따라서 교육소재는 교육의 능동적인 활동의 측면에서 포착 될 필요가 있다. 그러나 기존의 교육과정 접근방법으로는 이러한 측면에서 교육소재의 문제를 탐색하는 데 한계가 있어 이를 비판적으로 검토한 다음, 그 대안을 모색해 보려고 하였다. 그런데 교육 본위적 접근에서는 교육을 인간의 체험세계를 향상시키는 주체적인 활동과정으로 이해하려고 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기존 교육과정 접근방법의 한계를 극복할 수 있다고 여겨지는 교육본위적 관점에서 교육소재에 접근하였다. 이를 위해 교육소재의 의미와 그것의 요건을 알아본 다음, 그것을 운용하는 방안을 모색해 보았다.

Education is a human subjective activity. So it is necessary to understand educational materials in the light of voluntary activities of human being. As the existing curriculum has limits in investing these aspects, this study intends to suggest an alternative.

The limits of present curriculum are such as pre -establishment of educational objectives, content -centeredness, objectiveness， and interdisciplinary approach. Generally speaking, these imply that the present curriculum has limitations. Accordingly, the present curriculum is not enough to explain human as an active being who participates in educational activities earnestly.

The education -centered intrinsic principles intends to understand education as a subjective activity process which improves human experiential world. So this study approaches educational materials from these perspectives.

First, this study conceptualized educational materials from the new perspectives and examined critically the traditional curriculum models. Second，this research suggested the methods of selecting educational materials following the scope. Finally, this research suggested the methods of arranging educational materials following the sequence.

The results drawn from this research are as follows;

First, the educational materials are defined as media to have man to experience higher realities of education. The conditions of educational materials are intrinsic value, structure or organization, explicitness and tacitness，and the possibility of renewal. Second, the components of selecting educational materials are variousness, rejection of irrelevant materials，and the historical developmental process of materials. Third, the standards of arranging educational materials are the level of the learner, balance, and the optimal amount of materials.

This study is in the preliminary step of the new educational research orientation. But this research intends to have an autonomous self -regulating discipline of education. So further studies are needed in this field.